What does the term 'mishap' refer to?

The term 'mishap' refers to an unplanned event that results in negative consequences, which aligns perfectly with the concept of risk management. In the context of risk management, a mishap typically denotes an incident where something goes wrong, leading to accidents or adverse outcomes. Understanding this definition is crucial for leaders, as it emphasizes the importance of identifying potential hazards and implementing strategies to mitigate risks before they lead to mishaps.

In contrast, the other options describe scenarios that do not fit the definition of a mishap. A planned event with expected outcomes implies a controlled situation, where risk is managed through planning, making it fundamentally different from the unplanned nature of a mishap. A successful mission with minimal risk also highlights effectiveness and success rather than the unintended and harmful nature of a mishap. Lastly, a report about mission effectiveness does not describe an event or incident but rather documents outcomes, making it unrelated to the concept of mishaps.