What type of controls use engineering methods to reduce risks?

Engineering controls specifically involve the use of technology or physical modifications to reduce or eliminate hazards and associated risks. These controls are designed to create a safer workplace environment by implementing solutions that minimize exposure to potential hazards without relying on individual behavior. For example, this might include installing ventilation systems to remove harmful airborne contaminants or redesigning equipment to improve safety features.

In contrast, physical controls generally refer to tangible barriers or safety measures, such as fences or safety signs, but do not necessarily involve the specific engineering methods that engineer controls imply. Administrative controls focus on policies, procedures, and practices that affect how tasks are performed, providing guidance rather than physical or technological solutions. Personal protective equipment (PPE) serves as a last line of defense, relying on individuals to wear protective gear, rather than altering the environment itself to reduce risk. Thus, while all may contribute to risk management, engineering controls are unique in their reliance on technology and design to directly mitigate hazards.