Which of the following elements is typically missing when human error contributes to a mishap?

In scenarios where human error leads to a mishap, one critical element that is often missing is assertiveness and resources. This is because assertiveness plays a vital role in decision-making processes, particularly in high-pressure situations where individuals need to communicate effectively and advocate for safe practices. If personnel lack assertiveness, they may hesitate to voice concerns, follow safety protocols, or challenge unsafe situations, which can directly contribute to mishaps.

Additionally, resources refer to the tools, personnel, training, and data necessary to perform tasks safely and effectively. A lack of adequate resources can hinder a unit’s ability to operate efficiently, leading to errors. When either assertiveness or proper resources is absent, the likelihood of human error increases, resulting in potentially dangerous outcomes.

Understanding why these two elements are critical emphasizes the importance of creating an environment in which personnel feel empowered to act and have access to the necessary support to prevent mishaps.